Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea
S. Sagar, L. Esau, T. Hikmawan, A. Antunes, U. Stingl, V.B. Bajic, M. Kaur
BMC Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 13(1), 29, (2013)
Keywords
Marine bacteria, Deep sea brine pools, Extracts, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis
Abstract
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Background
High
salinity and temperature combined with presence of heavy metals and low
oxygen renders deep-sea anoxic brines of the Red Sea as one of the most
extreme environments on Earth. The ability to adapt and survive in
these extreme environments makes inhabiting bacteria interesting
candidates for the search of novel bioactive molecules.
Methods
Total
20 i.e. lipophilic (chloroform) and hydrophilic (70% ethanol) extracts
of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea
were tested for cytotoxic and apoptotic activity against three human
cancer cell lines, i.e. HeLa (cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast
Adenocarcinoma) and DU145 (Prostate carcinoma).
Results
Among
these, twelve extracts were found to be very active after 24 hours of
treatment, which were further evaluated for their cytotoxic and
apoptotic effects at 48 hr. The extracts from the isolates P1-37B and
P3-37A (Halomonas) and P1-17B (Sulfitobacter) have been found to be the most potent against tested cancer cell lines.
Conclusion
Overall,
bacterial isolates from the Red Sea displayed promising results and can
be explored further to find novel drug-like molecules. The cell line
specific activity of the extracts may be attributed to the presence of
different polarity compounds or the cancer type i.e. biological
differences in cell lines and different mechanisms of action of
programmed cell death prevalent in different cancer cell lines.
Code
DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-29
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